first African AmericanPatent Examiner, a lawyer, and author of The Colored Inventor: A Record of Fifty Years (Crisis Publishing Co., 1913) and other works on black inventors and scientists of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, was born in Columbus, Mississippi. Little is known of his parents or his early life in Columbus, except that he attended public schools and the Columbus Union Academy. Toward the end of Reconstruction, in June 1874, he was selected to attend the Annapolis, Maryland, naval academy by white Congressman Henry W. Barry R Mississippi who had commanded black troops for the union Army during the Civil War Despite government and naval policies during this period directing the military to integrate the first two African American cadets failed to survive intense hazing taunting assaults and social isolation from classmates and left before graduation Still Congressman Barry originally from New ...
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Baker, Henry Edwin
Janice L. Greene
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Peters, John
Vincent Carretta
was the husband of the African American poet Phillis Wheatley. Peters was a free man when he first appears in Massachusetts court records in 1776, identified as a Boston “Shopkeeper.” His place of birth is unknown and he may never have been a slave. Until very recently, what little was known about Peters is found in two very brief nineteenth-century accounts, which depict him as a pretentious, handsome ne’er-do-well con man, a fraudulent lawyer or physician, who abandoned his wife as she lay dying in desperate poverty. Peters epitomized how precarious the life of a person of African descent could be in New England during the eighteenth century.
When or where John Peters first met the African-American poet Phillis Wheatley (1753?–1784) remains unknown. On 1 April 1778 they announced their intention to marry later that year at the height of her international celebrity Their engagement may ...
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Redmond, Sidney Dillon
E. C. Foster
physician, attorney, and political leader, was born in Holmes County, Mississippi, near the town of Ebenezer, the son of Charles Redmond, a former slave and blacksmith, and Esther Redmond, a former slave. In 1871 large numbers of blacks were elected to state and local government positions. Less than two years earlier a new state constitution had been put into effect that promised to make democracy a reality for both black and white Mississippians. Moreover, the abolition of slavery in the United States had occurred six years before Redmond's birth. After leaving the farm near Ebenezer along with the rest of his family, Redmond settled in Holly Springs, Mississippi, where he later attended Rust College. Upon graduation from Rust College in 1894 he entered the field of education and served both as a principal at Mississippi State Normal School in Holly Springs and as a ...
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Rock, John Sweat
Alonford James Robinson
John Sweat Rock, the son of free blacks, was born in Salem, New Jersey. He attended common schools in his hometown until the age of nineteen, when he was given the opportunity to study medicine with two white physicians in the area. After being trained by a white dentist, Rock earned his medical degree in 1852 from the American Medical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
By 1855 Rock relocated to Massachusetts, where he became one of the first African American members of the Massachusetts Medical Society. While in Boston, Rock supported the abolitionist movement, providing medical treatment to Fugitive Slaves. He was a participant in the 1855 abolitionist campaign to desegregate the city's public schools and spoke at the 1858 Faneuil Hall commemoration of Crispus Attucks Day.
Rock later earned a law degree and was admitted to the Massachusetts Bar on September 14, 1861 As an active ...
