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Ramesses, II  

Joyce Tyldesley

third king of Egypt’s Nineteenth Dynasty. His name is also spelled as “Ramses” and “Rameses.” His grandfather, Ramesses I, had been adopted as heir by Horemheb, last king of the Eighteenth Dynasty. Ramesses II, born before his family became royal, was the son of Ramesses’s son Seti I and his consort, Mut-Tuya. At approximately ten years of age he was given the rank of “first king’s son.” Later he was installed as coregent to assist Seti in his rule. After no more than four years of coregency, Seti I died and Ramesses inherited his throne. He was to rule Egypt for sixty-six years.

As crown prince Ramesses had successfully defended northern Egypt against the Sherden seaborne invaders and pirates who hailed from Ionia modern southwest Turkey Following his victory with many of the Sherden now recruited as mercenaries in the Egyptian army he established a defensive line of forts along ...

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Tutankhamen  

Joyce Tyldesley

Egyptian pharaoh (r. c. 1336–1327 BCE), ruled New Kingdom Egypt during the late 18th Dynasty. He is also known as Nebkheperure Tutankhamen. Born during the Amarna Period, a time when the traditional pantheon was abandoned as the royal family dedicated itself to the divine solar disk known as the Aten, Tutankhamen’s brief reign saw the restoration of conventional royal values, including the reinstatement of the old gods and the abandonment of the city of Amarna (ancient Akhetaten) which had been built specifically to celebrate the cult of the Aten. Although he ruled Egypt for nine years, little is known of Tutankhamen’s rule, and he is today best known for his almost intact tomb, discovered in the Valley of the Kings, Thebes, in 1922 CE.

Tutankhamen’s FamilyTutankhamen s route to the throne is undocumented and the names of his parents and the identity of his immediate predecessor are unrecorded However ...