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  • Arts and Leisure x
  • 1941–1954: WWII and Postwar Desegregation x
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Article

African Writers Series  

Jonathan Morley

Article

Publication History:

Published in print:
19 March 2007
Published online:
30 September 2008

An imprint of Heinemann International Division publishing African literature, running from 1957 to 2003. In 1957Van Milne at Heinemann received a manuscript of Chinua Achebe'sThings Fall Apart, the seminal English‐language African novel. He commissioned the work, together with its sequel, No Longer At Ease, Cyprian Ekwensi'sBurning Grass, and a history book by Kenneth Kaunda, soon to be the democratic President of Zambia. The four books were published together in 1962, Achebe taking the editorship of the new series. Things Fall Apart would sell 8 million copies, translated into 32 languages.

Independent Africa's three Nobel Laureates for Literature—Wole Soyinka (Nigeria), Naguib Mahfouz (Egypt), and Nadine Gordimer (South Africa)—were included, as were politicians such as Jomo Kenyatta (Kenya) and Nelson Mandela, whose collection of letters, speeches, articles, and trial transcripts, No Easy Walk to Freedom, was published in 1986 several years ...

Article

Bruce, Esther  

Stephen Bourne

Article

Publication History:

Published in print:
19 March 2007
Published online:
30 September 2008

Black Londoner whose life as a working‐class seamstress was documented in Aunt Esther's Story (1991), published by Hammersmith and Fulham's Ethnic Communities Oral History Project, and co‐authored with Stephen Bourne. Aunt Esther's Story provides a first‐hand account of Bruce's life as a black Briton in the pre‐Empire Windrush years. Her father, Joseph (1880–1941), arrived in London from British Guiana (now Guyana) in the early 1900s and settled in a tight‐knit working‐class community in Fulham. He worked as a builder's labourer. When Bruce was a young child, Joseph instilled in his daughter a sense of pride in being black. After leaving school, she worked as a seamstress, and in the 1930s she made dresses for the popular African‐American stage star Elisabeth Welch. She also befriended another black citizen of Fulham: the Jamaican nationalist Marcus Garvey She told Bourne he was a nice chap ...

Article

Businesses  

Shivani Sivagurunathan

Article

Publication History:

Published in print:
19 March 2007
Published online:
30 September 2008

As black communities across Britain expand and develop the demand for an alternative ethnic market to serve the consumer needs of the black British population has increased However the acculturation of the younger generations has limited the expansion of a black market as the mainstream market has to some extent become a sufficient provider to consumer requirements The older generations have retained distinctive aspects of their culture and therefore have a higher demand for products provided by the ethnic market Indeed various factors contribute towards the shape of this market namely the age sex and socio economic status of the consumers as well as the areas of concentration of the black population For example the highest number of West Indians in the United Kingdom is to be found in inner cities and therefore the quantity of West Indian shops is high Mike McLeod states that the ethnic market is an ...

Article

Gilroy, Beryl  

David Dabydeen

Article

Publication History:

Published in print:
19 March 2007
Published online:
30 September 2008

African‐CaribbeanBritish teacher, writer, and novelist. Born in Springlands, Berbice, British Guiana (now Guyana). She trained as a teacher in Georgetown and moved to England in 1951. Once in England, she became friends with other Caribbean migrant writers such as E. R. Brathwaite and Andrew Salkey. Her initial experiences in England were education‐related. In 1968 she became deputy head of Beckford primary school, and later its head. She was London's first black headteacher. Her experiences as a teacher are recorded in her 1976 publication Black Teacher. Gilroy joined London University's Institute of Education as well as the Inner London Education Authority's Centre for Multicultural Education. She was involved in educating and aiding immigrant children and children with birth defects. Apart from teaching, she also obtained a doctorate in counselling psychology. She began writing fiction in the 1980s and her first novel, Frangipani House ...

Article

Narayan, Rudy  

Cecily Jones

Article

Publication History:

Published in print:
19 March 2007
Published online:
30 September 2008

Nickname of Rahasya Rudra Narayan (1938–1998), barrister and civil rights activist. He was born in British Guiana (now Guyana), the ninth of ten children of Indo‐Guianan parents. He arrived in Britain in 1953, and after a series of menial jobs enlisted in the Royal Army Ordnance Corps, where he served until 1965, before leaving with the rank of sergeant. He then read for the Bar, at Lincoln's Inn, where he helped to found the Bar Students' Union, and later also became the Union's first president. He was called to the Bar in 1968, a year before his marriage to Dr Naseem Akbar, with whom he had two daughters.

When, in 1973, Narayan and Sighbat Kadric QC founded the Association of Commonwealth Lawyers (the predecessor to the Immigrant Lawyers' Group, which became the Society of Black Lawyers in 1981 the chairman of the ...

Article

Salkey, Andrew  

Cassandra Adjei

Article

Publication History:

Published in print:
19 March 2007
Published online:
30 September 2008

Novelist, travel writer, and poet. Born in Panama, at the age of 2 Salkey left for Jamaica, the focus of much of his literary work. There, cared for by his grandmother until the arrival of his mother (his father stayed in Panama), he attended St George's College and Munro College. It was at this point that Salkey made his first connections with the London literary scene through the submission of his writing to the BBC's Caribbean Voices. When he migrated in 1952 to study English Literature at the University of London, he continued his artistic pursuits, and through further involvement in Caribbean Voices, began to build up many contacts within the arts industry.

These proved useful when, in 1966, Salkey joined forces with Edward Kamau Brathwaite and John La Rose to create the Caribbean Artists' Movement CAM However such contacts were also invaluable ...

Article

Wilson, Salim Charles  

Douglas H. Johnson

Article

Publication History:

Published in print:
19 March 2007
Published online:
30 September 2008

Sudanese slave who reversed the missionary process by becoming an African evangelist in England. Born Atobhil Macar Kathiec among the Gok Dinka of Sudan, he was captured by slavers, freed by the Egyptian army, and subsequently employed by the missionary Charles Wilson. Educated, baptized, and confirmed in England, Wilson joined abortive missions to the Congo and Tripoli in 1887–8 and 1893, but most of his missionary efforts were undertaken with the Methodists in England, where he become known as ‘the Black Evangelist of the North’. Settling in Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire, he married his landlady in 1913, an event filmed by the local cinema. He was a popular figure in the town, where he lived until his death.

Wilson produced three books about his life and the Dinka He wrote positively about Dinka religiosity and traced his own awareness of God to the beliefs and prayers of his people ...